In Canada’s Arctic, armed forces face evolving challenges securing the critical – and contested – Northwest Passage

// custom header art window.tgam.meta.photo_desktop = "https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/W7KZTU5P3NF3FNNRPNK35SLEPE_header_lg.jpg"; window.tgam.meta.photo_mobile = "https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/W7KZTU5P3NF3FNNRPNK35SLEPE_header_sm.jpg"; // editable custom header parameters window.tgam.meta.headline_overlay_vertical_position_desktop = "top"; window.tgam.meta.headline_overlay_horizontal_position_desktop = "centre"; window.tgam.meta.headline_overlay_vertical_position_mobile = "top"; window.tgam.meta.headline_overlay_gradient = true; window.tgam.meta.centre_headline = false; window.tgam.meta.large_headline = true; window.tgam.meta.label_text_colour = ""; window.tgam.meta.label_box_colour = "#a00f19"; window.tgam.meta.banner_overlay_gradient = false; window.tgam.meta.headline_overlay_gradient_opacity = ""; // editable custom header display overrides window.tgam.meta.display_head = "Securing the strait"; window.tgam.meta.display_deck = "With Operation Nanook, the Canadian Armed Forces protect the Northwest Passage and manage a changing Arctic"; window.tgam.meta.label = "Underexposed"; window.tgam.meta.byline = "Photography and story by Gavin John"; window.tgam.meta.byline2 = ""; window.tgam.meta.creditline = "The Globe and Mail"; // non-editable custom header parameters - PLEASE DO NOT TOUCH window.tgam.meta.headline_overlay = true; window.tgam.meta.two_column = false; window.tgam.meta.swap_column = false; window.tgam.meta.full_width = true; window.tgam.meta.narrow_width = false; window.tgam.meta.dark_background = true; window.tgam.meta.dark_background_colour = "#0a0a0a"; window.tgam.meta.sans_headline = false; window.tgam.meta.label_text_colour_overlay = "" ; window.tgam.meta.label_box_colour_overlay = "#a00f19"; window.tgam.meta.audio_bar = false; window.tgam.meta.banner = true; window.tgam.meta.banner_border = false; window.tgam.meta.banner_overlay_dark = false; window.tgam.meta.caption_background_colour = ""; window.tgam.meta.caption_text_colour = ""; window.tgam.meta.full_height = true; // gi lazy images window.lazySizesConfig = window.lazySizesConfig || {}; Object.assign(window.lazySizesConfig, { lazyClass: "gi-lazyimage", loadedClass: "gi-lazyimage--loaded", loadingClass: "gi-lazyimage--loading", preloadClass: "gi-lazyimage--preload", errorClass: "gi-lazyimage--error", autosizesClass: "gi-lazyimage--autosizes", expand: 1000 }); const gi_content = ` [content] :skip ****** series box ****** :endskip [.slide] type: series [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/XTBVSOVK25HEVC7SOCOM5CHBWI_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/XTBVSOVK25HEVC7SOCOM5CHBWI_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/XTBVSOVK25HEVC7SOCOM5CHBWI_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: true fullscreen-desktop: false [.text] [.+paragraphs] The Northwest Passage cuts through Canada’s Arctic, forming an important shipping corridor across the top of the world. It’s also one of the focal points of the Canadian Armed Forces’ Northern operations. [] [] [] :skip ****** diptych photos with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: diptych aspect-ratio: 3-2 [.diptych] photo-1-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/A5K2TXEVAVCXDHWGVFQL4JPJZM_sm.jpg photo-1-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/A5K2TXEVAVCXDHWGVFQL4JPJZM_lg.jpg photo-2-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/R7HRJKJYVJH47FKS5TWUIIHV3A_sm.jpg photo-2-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/R7HRJKJYVJH47FKS5TWUIIHV3A_lg.jpg [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/EX2ZF765FBDHVP5S3ARUHSH7J4_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/EX2ZF765FBDHVP5S3ARUHSH7J4_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/EX2ZF765FBDHVP5S3ARUHSH7J4_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: true fullscreen-desktop: false map: [.text] [.+paragraphs] Every year, the CAF deploys soldiers to four locations in the North for a series of activities, called Operation Nanook, intended to show Canada’s presence in what is becoming a more heavily trafficked area. One of these deployments, Nanook-Nunakput, focuses on the shipping corridor. [] [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/K2RLEEXGLJGI5ONMFDTM3KP6N4_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/K2RLEEXGLJGI5ONMFDTM3KP6N4_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/K2RLEEXGLJGI5ONMFDTM3KP6N4_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: false fullscreen-desktop: false [] :skip ****** diptych photos with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: diptych aspect-ratio: 3-2 [.diptych] photo-1-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/IS5SNWHURFDBZIIMHQGK5WKEUI_sm.jpg photo-1-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/IS5SNWHURFDBZIIMHQGK5WKEUI_lg.jpg photo-2-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/FSB3AELAZNES3ETUQVJAELUOXE_sm.jpg photo-2-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/FSB3AELAZNES3ETUQVJAELUOXE_lg.jpg [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/6MCJIP62TRDSBOIWMPY2YAGDQE_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/6MCJIP62TRDSBOIWMPY2YAGDQE_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/6MCJIP62TRDSBOIWMPY2YAGDQE_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: false fullscreen-desktop: false [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/EH5X5Q3VD5F2ZCMH3AYDDG2T2M_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/EH5X5Q3VD5F2ZCMH3AYDDG2T2M_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/EH5X5Q3VD5F2ZCMH3AYDDG2T2M_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: true fullscreen-desktop: false [.text] [.+paragraphs] The waters of the passage, stewarded by the Inuit for thousands of years, are contested, with Canada claiming it is an internal waterway, and many other countries considering the passage an “international strait.” The area is also vulnerable to global warming, which affects its security. [] [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/AOIMYBP5TVFDHAWZS54K4U5E3M_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/AOIMYBP5TVFDHAWZS54K4U5E3M_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/AOIMYBP5TVFDHAWZS54K4U5E3M_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: false fullscreen-desktop: false [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/H7GD35TBOBFSHKVYIKYNJRBZJY_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/H7GD35TBOBFSHKVYIKYNJRBZJY_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/H7GD35TBOBFSHKVYIKYNJRBZJY_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: true fullscreen-desktop: false [.text] [.+paragraphs] “As the climate warms up, the Northwest Passage becomes more trafficable,” says Major Alex Gagnier, 1CER Task Force Commander. “And when it becomes more trafficable, there’s more economic interest.” [] [] [] :skip ****** diptych photos with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: diptych aspect-ratio: 3-2 [.diptych] photo-1-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/WVI7U7RNJ5E5ZCACR3KANLVOMU_sm.jpg photo-1-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/WVI7U7RNJ5E5ZCACR3KANLVOMU_lg.jpg photo-2-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/ROPUDBEVXZGAFFSUCCNKFD4T7Y_sm.jpg photo-2-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/ROPUDBEVXZGAFFSUCCNKFD4T7Y_lg.jpg [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/R7DYTBKPTJHBNGGBHKI7EQSRO4_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/R7DYTBKPTJHBNGGBHKI7EQSRO4_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/R7DYTBKPTJHBNGGBHKI7EQSRO4_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: true fullscreen-desktop: false [.text] [.+paragraphs] The CAF’s mandate in the North is to ensure safety and security in a place where distance and climate sometimes make these priorities a challenge. They are there to deal with “whatever happens, whether it be defense, diplomatic, environmental, or economic,” says Major Gagnier. [] [] [] :skip ****** diptych photos with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: diptych aspect-ratio: 3-2 [.diptych] photo-1-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/EQYN3TROSVHVDB3T7EQGFPC6MQ_sm.jpg photo-1-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/EQYN3TROSVHVDB3T7EQGFPC6MQ_lg.jpg photo-2-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/HNPTI6TZWNG5NP26NLFFKBGXP4_sm.jpg photo-2-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/HNPTI6TZWNG5NP26NLFFKBGXP4_lg.jpg [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/P6S6WP34W5AHDF65WGVITI6YZI_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/P6S6WP34W5AHDF65WGVITI6YZI_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/P6S6WP34W5AHDF65WGVITI6YZI_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: true fullscreen-desktop: false [.text] [.+paragraphs] The threat of accidents and spills is increasing. With the CAF in the area, they hope to more nimbly respond to disaster of any kind north of the 60th parallel. “Forest fires, floods—anything that requires us to get to remote regions quickly,” says Rob Huebert, a professor at the University of Calgary who specializes in Arctic sovereignty and security. [] [] [] :skip ****** diptych photos with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: diptych aspect-ratio: 3-2 [.diptych] photo-1-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/K364RLA2GFD4TEEV2Z27AB7VJU_sm.jpg photo-1-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/K364RLA2GFD4TEEV2Z27AB7VJU_lg.jpg photo-2-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/S3HHJOYCWJB4NKPVM7PCXFNQBU_sm.jpg photo-2-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/S3HHJOYCWJB4NKPVM7PCXFNQBU_lg.jpg [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/JZPNDO3UA5AFPN27SWNK5YANYI_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/JZPNDO3UA5AFPN27SWNK5YANYI_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/JZPNDO3UA5AFPN27SWNK5YANYI_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: false fullscreen-desktop: false [.text] [.+paragraphs] “The biggest risk, for us, is something like tourism,” says Gen. Dan Rivière of Joint Task Force North. “If a cruise ship of 2,000 people runs aground near a community of 150, how do you manage that?’ [] [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/Q2CD4Q4TRNCA5PM3ZIACSA4CFQ_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/Q2CD4Q4TRNCA5PM3ZIACSA4CFQ_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/Q2CD4Q4TRNCA5PM3ZIACSA4CFQ_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: false fullscreen-desktop: false [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/NBPLQ7OQ4FBONPYFRH44CIFGLA_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/NBPLQ7OQ4FBONPYFRH44CIFGLA_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/NBPLQ7OQ4FBONPYFRH44CIFGLA_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: false fullscreen-desktop: false [.text] [.+paragraphs] Indigenous knowledge of the land is recognized as an invaluable component to the CAF for operations in the Arctic. The soldiers rely on the Canadian Rangers, a sub-component of the Canadian Army Reserve that largely consists of Indigenous and northern community members in the Arctic. [] [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/QXESMLZUTZEFTO4PF4725NBUMY_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/QXESMLZUTZEFTO4PF4725NBUMY_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/QXESMLZUTZEFTO4PF4725NBUMY_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: false fullscreen-desktop: false [] :skip ****** diptych photos with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: diptych aspect-ratio: 3-2 [.diptych] photo-1-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/7OVOAGTEM5GFZJVDJHBC43QRZQ_sm.jpg photo-1-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/7OVOAGTEM5GFZJVDJHBC43QRZQ_lg.jpg photo-2-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/EIKUSCDKA5BDRAQ5EPZ4B7AGJA_sm.jpg photo-2-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/EIKUSCDKA5BDRAQ5EPZ4B7AGJA_lg.jpg [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/NJEPDVQWWRAE7JL2OK24OMP32Y_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/NJEPDVQWWRAE7JL2OK24OMP32Y_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/NJEPDVQWWRAE7JL2OK24OMP32Y_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: false fullscreen-desktop: false [.text] [.+paragraphs] “The Rangers are the first line of response in the North and there’s no equivalent in any Arctic nation,” Gen. Rivière says. [] [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/2VGZIVZMR5CYPGEW7VJYVMKM7A_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/2VGZIVZMR5CYPGEW7VJYVMKM7A_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/2VGZIVZMR5CYPGEW7VJYVMKM7A_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: true fullscreen-desktop: false [.text] [.+paragraphs] Many Arctic residents hope that the increased military presence will come with more developed infrastructure, leading to improved quality of life. [] [] [] :skip ****** diptych photos with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: diptych aspect-ratio: 3-2 [.diptych] photo-1-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/VPQ7NFPDSBEM3GV4LDAP5IW7QI_sm.jpg photo-1-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/VPQ7NFPDSBEM3GV4LDAP5IW7QI_lg.jpg photo-2-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/ETTL4ST6VJCLLGFL3Q3V7WGSFE_sm.jpg photo-2-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/ETTL4ST6VJCLLGFL3Q3V7WGSFE_lg.jpg [] [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/U3OS4VOMM5GZ7IHGMRFD4BCPAM_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/U3OS4VOMM5GZ7IHGMRFD4BCPAM_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/U3OS4VOMM5GZ7IHGMRFD4BCPAM_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: false fullscreen-desktop: false [] :skip ****** photo with optional text ****** :endskip [.slide] type: photo photo-sm: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/UBYFLAJYNFDERKCP2LELCMPSJE_portrait_sm.jpg photo-lg: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/UBYFLAJYNFDERKCP2LELCMPSJE_lg.jpg photo-xl: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/UBYFLAJYNFDERKCP2LELCMPSJE_xl.jpg fullscreen-mobile: true fullscreen-desktop: false [.text] [.+paragraphs] “These are things like ports, runways, and better transportation links,” says Pamela Gross, the deputy premier of Nunavut. “The trickle-down effect impacts everything from food prices to access to healthcare.” [] [] [] :skip ****** photographer bio ****** :endskip [.slide] type: bio label: About the photographer photo: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/canada/features/photo-popup/stories/arctic-military/images/gavin_john_bio_3_2.jpg photo-credit: Photo by Pat Kane bio: Gavin John is a Calgary based photojournalist with an interest in conflict, strategic issues, Canadian defence policy, and Indigenous affairs. He is a proud member of Indigenous Photograph and a mentor for BIPOC photojournalism mentorship, Room Up Front. [] :skip ****** credits ****** :endskip [.slide] type: credits [.+credits] Photography and story by Gavin John Interactive design and development by Christopher Manza Photo editing by Taehoon Kim Visuals editing by Liz Sullivan Editing by Lisan Jutras [] [] [] `; !function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var e=document.querySelectorAll("iframe");for(var t in a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var r=0;r