DOHA, QATAR — What do Céline Dion, Shania Twain, Michael Bublé, Bryan Adams and his Highness the Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani have in common? They are all sounds Prime Minister Mark Carney heard during a formal lunch with Qatar’s leadership Sunday. During a lunch with Qatar’s authoritarian leader to formalize a new “strategic partnership,” Carney and the Canadian delegation were regaled by music from a small ensemble of a dozen musicians from the Qatar Philharmonic Orchestra. The tunes accompanied a regal meal of lobster, beef and camel meat in the emir’s palatial Amiri...